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梅尼埃病（Meniere's disease,MD）是一种临床异质性显著的内耳疾病，现有药物虽可缓解急性症状，但在长期控制和个体差异应对方面效果有限。本文系统综述了MD药物治疗的适应证、机制及局限，指出传统方案缺乏病因分型指导。近年来，免疫表型与遗传研究为个体化干预提供新路径。通过识别临床亚型与免疫机制的对应关系，并结合易感基因筛查，可初步实现靶向治疗策略。尽管精准医学理念不断推进，仍面临分型标准不统一、靶向药物验证不足及多组学转化受限等挑战。未来应加强机制研究与临床数据融合，建立标准化分型与个体干预体系，推动MD治疗向精准、长期管理方向发展。
Abstract：Meniere's disease(MD) is a clinically heterogeneous inner ear disorder. Although current pharmacological treatments can alleviate acute symptoms, their long-term efficacy and adaptability to individual patient variations remain limited. This review systematically examines the indications, mechanisms, and limitations of existing MD therapies, highlighting the lack of etiologically guided treatment stratification. Recent advances in immunophenotyping and genetic research offer new avenues for personalized interventions. Identifying correlations between clinical subtypes and immune mechanisms, alongside screening for susceptibility genes, may enable development of targeted therapy. Despite progress in precision medicine, challenges persist, including inconsistent subtyping standards, insufficient validation of targeted drugs, and limited translational integration of multiomics data. Future efforts should focus on integrating mechanistic research with clinical data to establish standardized subtypes and individualized intervention frameworks, promoting a shift toward precise and sustained MD management.
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基本信息:
中图分类号:R764.33
引用信息:
[1]韩琳,崔卫娜,邵永良,等.梅尼埃病的药物治疗现状与精准治疗策略探讨[J].中华耳科学杂志,2026,24(05):470-474.
2026-05-10
2026-05-10