中华耳科学杂志

目的研究人工耳蜗植入的语前聋儿童,经过开机一年后声调识别的变化特点。方法选取听力正常的儿童20名,分为A、B两组。A组为3～4岁的儿童10名,B组为5～6岁的儿童10名。再选取单耳植入人工耳蜗的儿童17名,分为C、D两组,C组为3～4岁的儿童8名,D组为5～6岁的儿童9名。采用汉语普通话单音节测试词表(郗昕),在本底噪声低于30dB(A)的隔声室内,使用AC40听力计调节输出至60dBSPL进行声调识别测试。采用统计学SPSS分析软件对结果进行独立样本t检验,以P<0.05为差异具有统计学意义的标准。结果 A组的声调识别率为79.00±6.99%,B组的声调识别率为93.50±6.69%,C组声调识别率为65.60±1.18%,D组声调识别率为44.00±7.27%。A组和C组声调识别率的比较具有统计学意义(P<0.05),B组和D组声调识别率的比较具有统计学意义(P<0.05),表明3～4、5～6岁正常儿童与语前聋儿童的声调识别存在差异。C组和D组声调识别率的比较具有统计学意义(P<0.05),表明在不同年龄段植入人工耳蜗的儿童,低年龄段儿童声调识别高于高年龄段儿童。结论在人工耳蜗使用时间相同的情况下,儿童的年龄与汉语声调识别呈负相关。对于适合进行人工耳蜗植入的语前聋儿童,建议尽早植入人工耳蜗地对其进行人工耳蜗植入,对听障儿童听力的恢复,语言能力的获取和提高有很大帮助。

Objective To report characteristics of mandarin-tone recognition in pre-lingual deaf children one year after cochlear implantation(CI). Methods Twenty normal hearing children were enrolled and designated as groups A if aged 3-4 years or group B if aged 5-6 years(n=10 in each group). Seventeen children with monaural cochlear implant(HiRes +90 K) were assign to groups C(aged 3-4 years, n=8) or group D(aged 5-6 years, n=9). Monosyllabic mandarin words(Xi Xin) were used presented at 60 dB SPL using an AC40 audiometer in a sound insulated room with background noise lower than 30 dB(A) to test tone recognition. Single variable ANOVA was used for statistical analysis using the SPSS software, with statistical significance set at P<0.05. Results The average correct tone recognition score was 79.00±6.99% in group A, 93.50±6.69% in group B, 65.60±1.18% in group C and 44.00±7.27% in group D, significantly higher in groups A and B than in groups C and D(P<0.05, respectively. The correct tong recognition score in group C was significantly better than in group D(P<0.05). Conclusion For the same duration after CI, age at implantation is negatively correlated with mandarin tone recognition, suggesting that for children with pre-lingual hearing loss,earlier implantation may translate to better hearing and cognitive recovery, as well as the learning ability and speech development.